Diamond is considered a mineral crystal. Because of the chemical are rare and unique temperament.
In fact, diamond consisting of pure carbon under certain chemical elements, can affect the color and shape. One of the most important points need to focus on the diamond formation, the formation of a certain temperature and pressure.
This is the most appropriate values oluşumdaki depth close to the core of the world. Diamond is a tremendous pressure and often only the upper layers of the earth's surface will crystallize at high temperatures.
Less than 30% of the quality of precious stones and jewels polished. Used for industrial purposes in more than 70% today. Most diamond-producing countries, Australia, Botswana, Russia, South Africa, Canada and Kongo. Worldwide production of rough diamonds in 2000, a total of 120 million carats were calculated; also lost about 50% of the cutting and polishing process.
Therefore, the original 120 million of crude processed, only 18 million carats of polished diamonds as the precious jewel stones from the open market.

Used for jewelry and precious stones are divided into four classes:
-Minerals Atoms with a certain crystal structures, lifeless and regulate chemical in nature. For example, diamonds, rubies, emeralds, Ament, as alexanderie ...
-Organics Precious stones seen in the past or today, are living organisms. For example, amber, coral, sea shells, ivory, black amber, tortoise shell and pearls as ...
-Synthetics Human nature is precious stones, natural, such as copies of the same chemical / physical properties, and brighter. For example, synthetic diamond, synthetic ruby, synthetic emeralds, synthetic amethyst, such as synthetic alexanderie ...
-imitations Most of the time unnatural, like the real thing looks like or taklitlerdir full. At the same physical, chemical, and optical properties do not carry, are known as synthetic products. For example, stransiyum, titanium ..

Diamond the first BC Found in India and began to be traded by the Romans in 500 history.
The early days of the Middle Ages, European aristocrats, the difference is worth a precious diamond, therefore, the long and adventurous trips to get it initiated.
For local merchants, kings, and the best diamonds in India they hid themselves, the low-quality diamonds are able to come to Europe. This situation has encouraged European traders to improve the appearance of a diamond. The diamond polished surface of an irresistible charisma and beauty, waiting to reveal even more.
Until the industrial revolution, the rich class that has a significant amount of income, wealth and luxury materials like diamonds valuable. About the same years, ie 1867, South Africa, the proportion of new demand and prices. Diamond largest diamond resources continued to increase until 1870. Until, that is until the economic recession ...
De Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd. was founded by Cecil Rhodes in the 1890s, the production and distribution controlled diamond, rough diamonds and the price control instituted by the same company again.